UltimaChess
Opening Trainer1. e4 e5

The Italian Game

Fast development, direct attack.

The Italian Game is one of the oldest openings in chess, recorded in manuscripts dating back to the 16th century. White develops the bishop to c4 on move 3, targeting the center and the sensitive f7 square. It leads to rich, principled positions where both sides have clear plans.

At club level it remains one of the most important openings to understand. At grandmaster level it is a regular choice — the Italian has produced fascinating games from the 1800s to the present day.

Main line
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Nf6 5. d3 d6 6. O-O O-O 7. Re1 a6
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Position after 7 moves · White to move

Key ideas

  • Bc4 develops with tempo and targets f7 — the weakest point in Black's early position
  • c3 + d4 is the main plan: take space in the center and challenge Black's e5 pawn
  • Castle early and activate the rook — Re1 often follows to support the e-pawn
  • The knight on f3 and bishop on c4 combine naturally for kingside pressure
  • Avoid rushing — the Italian often rewards positional understanding over memorized tactics

Common variations

Giuoco Pianissimo
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d3 d6 6.O-O O-O

The "very quiet game" — both sides develop naturally and build up slowly. This is the main line in the UltimaChess trainer.

Giuoco Piano
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4

White pushes d4 earlier for a more aggressive approach — creates open lines and tactical complexity.

Two Knights Defense
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6

Black invites White to try Ng5 with an attack on f7. Very sharp and theoretically rich.

Evans Gambit
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4

White sacrifices a pawn with b4 to seize the center. A romantic 19th-century gambit that still carries a real punch.

Practice the The Italian Game

The UltimaChess opening trainer lets you watch the moves play out with a demo, then practice them yourself. Select Italian Game from the opening list to start.