UltimaChess
Opening Trainer1. e4 e5

The Ruy Lopez

Slow pressure on the center.

The Ruy Lopez, also called the Spanish Game, is one of the oldest openings in chess and remains one of the most deeply studied. Named after a 16th-century Spanish priest, it has been a weapon of choice for world champions for over 150 years.

White develops the bishop to b5 on move 3, indirectly pressuring Black's e5 pawn through the knight on c6. The resulting positions are typically strategic and complex, rewarding deep understanding over pure memorization.

Main line
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6
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Position after 7 moves · White to move

Key ideas

  • Bb5 pins the knight on c6 and indirectly pressures e5 — the defining move of the Lopez
  • White doesn't win the e5 pawn immediately; the pressure is long-term and positional
  • O-O + Re1 supports the e-pawn and prepares the center fight with d4
  • The bishop on b3 (after retreating from b5) becomes a powerful long-term asset
  • Patience is essential — the Ruy Lopez often leads to slow maneuvering with sudden tactical bursts

Common variations

Closed Ruy Lopez
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6

The main line. Black builds a solid structure with ...a6, ...b5, and ...d6. This is the line in the UltimaChess trainer — strategic and rich.

Berlin Defense
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.O-O Nxe4 5.d4 Nd6 6.Bxc6 dxc6 7.dxe5

Ultra-solid for Black. Leads to an endgame with structural imbalances. Became famous after Kramnik used it to defeat Kasparov in 2000.

Marshall Attack
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d5

Black sacrifices a pawn for a ferocious kingside attack. One of the most dangerous gambits in chess theory.

Exchange Variation
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Bxc6 dxc6

White trades the bishop for the knight, giving Black doubled pawns but freeing them to fight for the center.

Practice the The Ruy Lopez

The UltimaChess opening trainer lets you watch the moves play out with a demo, then practice them yourself. Select Ruy Lopez from the opening list to start.